Do Fillings Hurt? What to Expect During and After a Cavity Filling

“Do fillings hurt?” is one of the most common questions patients ask before visiting the dentist, and it is entirely understandable. Concern about pain during dental treatment is widespread, and for many people it is the primary reason they delay booking an appointment. The reassuring reality is that modern dentistry uses local anaesthetic to numb the treatment area, meaning that most patients feel pressure rather than pain during a filling. However, experiences can vary depending on the size and depth of the cavity, individual sensitivity, and the type of filling material used. This guide explains what to expect during and after a cavity filling, so you can feel more informed and prepared.

Quick Answer: Do Fillings Hurt?

For most patients, having a filling does not cause significant pain. Local anaesthetic is used to numb the tooth and surrounding area before the procedure begins, which means the drilling and filling process itself is typically felt as pressure rather than pain. Some mild sensitivity or tenderness after the anaesthetic wears off is common but usually short-lived.

• Local anaesthetic numbs the area — the injection ensures the tooth and surrounding tissues are numb before work begins
• Most patients feel pressure, not pain — vibrations and sensations of pressure are normal during drilling and filling
• Mild sensitivity afterwards is common — temporary tenderness to temperature or pressure typically settles within a few days
• Severe pain is uncommon — significant discomfort during or after a filling is not typical and should be reported to your dentist

It is important to communicate with your dentist throughout the procedure. If you feel any discomfort during treatment, additional anaesthetic can usually be administered to ensure you remain comfortable.

Does Getting a Filling Hurt During the Procedure?

During the filling procedure itself, most patients do not experience pain. The local anaesthetic injection may cause a brief moment of discomfort — often described as a small pinch or stinging sensation — but once the area is fully numb, the process of removing decay and placing the filling is generally well tolerated.

• Numbing injection may cause brief discomfort — a short sharp sensation is common but typically lasts only a few seconds
• Pressure sensations are normal — you may feel vibrations from the drill and pressure as the filling material is placed
• Drilling is done after anaesthetic takes effect — your dentist will wait until the area is fully numb before beginning
• Dentist checks numbness before starting — you will be asked to confirm that the area feels numb before any work is carried out

The step-by-step process is straightforward. First, a topical numbing gel may be applied to the gum to reduce sensation from the injection. The local anaesthetic is then administered, and once it has taken full effect, the dentist removes the decayed portion of the tooth using a dental handpiece. The cavity is cleaned and prepared, and the filling material is placed, shaped, and polished. Throughout this process, you should feel pressure and vibration but not pain.

If at any point you experience discomfort, raise your hand to let your dentist know. Additional anaesthetic can be given, and a brief pause can help you feel settled before continuing.

Does Having a Filling Hurt After the Anaesthetic Wears Off?

Once the local anaesthetic wears off — usually within two to four hours — it is common to experience some mild tenderness or sensitivity in the treated tooth. This is a normal response and typically settles within a few days as the tooth adjusts to the new filling.

• Mild tenderness possible — the tooth and surrounding gum may feel slightly sore as the anaesthetic wears off
• Temperature sensitivity may occur — hot and cold foods or drinks may cause brief, sharp sensations
• Chewing discomfort can happen temporarily — biting down on the filled tooth may feel slightly tender for a short period
• Usually settles within days — most post-filling sensitivity resolves naturally within a few days to a couple of weeks

The level of post-treatment sensitivity often correlates with the depth of the cavity. Shallower fillings tend to produce less sensitivity, while deeper cavities — where the filling is closer to the tooth's nerve — may take a little longer to settle. If your filling was for a particularly deep cavity, your dentist will usually explain this and advise on what to expect.

Why Might a Filling Feel Sensitive Afterwards?

Post-filling sensitivity is a recognised and common occurrence. There are several reasons why a tooth may feel sensitive after a filling, most of which are related to the natural response of the tooth to the treatment it has received.

• Tooth nerve irritation — the process of removing decay and placing a filling can temporarily irritate the nerve within the tooth
• Deep cavity — fillings closer to the nerve are more likely to produce sensitivity during the healing period
• Bite adjustment period — if the filling is slightly high, it may cause discomfort when biting until it is adjusted
• Pre-existing inflammation — if the tooth was already inflamed before treatment, some residual sensitivity may persist as it settles

In most cases, this sensitivity diminishes naturally as the tooth heals. If you notice that the bite feels uneven or if pain is concentrated when you bite down on the filling, a simple bite adjustment at a follow-up appointment can often resolve the issue quickly.

How Long Does a Filling Take?

The length of a filling appointment depends on several factors, including the size and location of the cavity, the type of filling material used, and whether anaesthetic is required. Most single fillings can be completed within one appointment, though the total time varies from patient to patient.

• Small cavity: shorter appointment — a straightforward filling on a small cavity may take around 20 to 30 minutes
• Larger cavity: longer — more extensive decay or a larger filling may require 30 to 60 minutes or more
• Multiple fillings increase time — if several teeth need filling in one visit, the appointment will be longer
• X-rays or anaesthetic add time — diagnostic imaging and waiting for the anaesthetic to take effect can add to the overall appointment duration

Your dentist will give you an indication of how long the appointment is likely to take when you book. If you are having a white filling, the process may take slightly longer than a traditional amalgam filling, as the composite material is applied and cured in layers. However, the difference is usually modest.

When Should I Be Concerned About Pain After a Filling?

While mild sensitivity after a filling is normal, there are certain signs that may indicate something requires further attention. If you experience any of the following, it is advisable to contact your dental practice for a review.

• Pain worsening over time — discomfort that is increasing rather than gradually improving
• Swelling — any swelling in the gum or face near the treated tooth
• Pain waking you at night — pain that disturbs your sleep may need investigation
• Pain when biting down sharply — a sharp, localised pain when chewing may suggest the bite needs adjusting or further assessment is needed

These signs do not necessarily indicate a serious problem, but they are worth having assessed. In most cases, the solution is straightforward — such as a bite adjustment or monitoring the tooth. If pain is severe or you are unsure whether your symptoms are normal, contacting an emergency dentist can provide reassurance and prompt assessment.

Are White Fillings More Painful Than Silver Fillings?

There is no significant difference in pain between white (composite) fillings and silver (amalgam) fillings. The level of discomfort during and after treatment is determined primarily by the size and depth of the cavity being treated, rather than the type of filling material used.

• Pain depends on cavity depth, not material — deeper cavities are more likely to produce sensitivity regardless of filling type
• Both require similar preparation — the process of removing decay and preparing the tooth is essentially the same
• Anaesthetic use is similar — local anaesthetic is used for both types of filling
• Sensitivity varies individually — some patients may experience temporary sensitivity with either material, depending on their own dental anatomy

The choice between white and silver fillings is typically based on aesthetic preference, location of the tooth, and clinical suitability rather than pain considerations. Your dentist can discuss the options and help you decide which material is most appropriate for your situation.

Tips for Reducing Anxiety Before a Filling

If you feel anxious about having a filling, you are not alone. Dental anxiety is very common, and there are several practical steps that can help you feel more comfortable and prepared before your appointment.

• Discuss concerns beforehand — let your dentist know about your anxiety so they can tailor their approach and explain each step as they go
• Ask questions about the procedure — understanding what will happen can help reduce the fear of the unknown
• Plan appointment timing — choose a time when you are least likely to feel rushed or stressed
• Arrange a comfortable aftercare period — having a quiet afternoon planned after your appointment can help you feel more relaxed about the process

Many dental practices are experienced in supporting anxious patients and can offer additional measures to help you feel at ease. Communicating openly with your dental team is the most important step — they are there to help you through the process as comfortably as possible.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do fillings hurt without anaesthetic?

Without anaesthetic, having a filling can be uncomfortable or painful, particularly if the cavity extends into the deeper layers of the tooth. In most cases, local anaesthetic is used to numb the area before the procedure begins. Your dentist will discuss anaesthetic options with you and ensure you are comfortable before starting treatment.

Is it painful to get a cavity filled?

Most patients report feeling pressure rather than pain during a cavity filling, as local anaesthetic is used to numb the tooth and surrounding area. Some brief discomfort may occur during the numbing injection itself, but the procedure is generally well tolerated. Mild sensitivity afterwards is common and usually settles within a few days.

How bad is the injection for a filling?

The numbing injection for a filling may cause a brief sharp sensation or stinging feeling, but this typically lasts only a few seconds. Many dentists apply a topical numbing gel to the gum beforehand to reduce discomfort from the needle. Once the anaesthetic takes effect, the area becomes numb and the procedure can proceed comfortably.

How long will my tooth hurt after a filling?

Mild sensitivity or tenderness after a filling is common and usually settles within a few days. Some patients experience sensitivity to hot, cold, or pressure for up to a couple of weeks, particularly with deeper fillings. If discomfort persists beyond this period or worsens, it is advisable to contact your dental practice for a review.

Should I go back if my filling still hurts?

If your filling continues to cause discomfort beyond a couple of weeks, or if the pain is worsening rather than improving, it is advisable to contact your dental practice. Persistent pain may indicate that the bite needs adjusting, or in some cases, further investigation may be required. Your dentist can assess and advise accordingly.